Lorenz wagner



v (No Moan L. WAGNER.

'GONSTRUOTION 0F STAIRGASES.

Patented Nov. 12, 1889.

hen Washinglol N. PETER UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LORENZ WVAGNER, OF FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

- CONSTRUCTION OF S-TA'IRCASES SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 415,078, dated November 12, 1889.

Application filed March 1, 1889. Serial No. 301,634. (No model.) Patented in Switzerland January 15, 1889, N0. 41.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LORENZ WAGNER, of Frankfort-on-the-Main, in the Kingdom of Prussia and German Empire, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Staircases, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings, no patents being obtained by me anywhere for this invention except in Switzerland, Patent No. 41, Class 9, January 15, 1889.

This invention relates to improvements in the construction of staircases. This new or improved construction of staircases renders it possible for the occupants of a house of as many as six or more stories to use one and the same staircase without meeting or even seeing each other. Its distinctive feature is that between each two stories two staircases or flights are arranged placed opposite each other at half-story in height.

The improvements are represented in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical elevation, and Fig. 2 a plan, of a winding or spiral staircase arranged and constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 1 shows a double winding or spiral staircase A A, with a landing B at the height of one story. The arrangement of two or more flights of stairs requires a corresponding widening of the newel D of the spiral staircase, so that there shall always beaclear height 0 of at least 2.10 meters between each two stairs lying one abovethe other. (See distance a b, Fig. 1.)

Fig. 2 shows the double arrangement of the spiral staircase and the arrangement of a hollow newel, and the utilization of the latter for a third winding spiral staircase C. When two outside flights of spiral stairs are arranged in combination, the steps A of each two corresponding flights and the two landings a a thereof are always opposite each other. This arrangement affords the advantage that the double staircase can be used by at least two sets of tenants in the house going up and down without their seeing each other or meeting on the stairs.

In addition to the outer staircases, a third staircase is placed within the newel D, as shown in Fig. 2.

For buildings which contain a ground-floor and four stories each separate flight can be widened and divided down the center by a thin partition-wall 6 (shown in Fig. 2 by dotted curved lines) into two separate flights, so that the two inner and two outer flights thus formed can be used by four sets of tenants of the house. In the latter case the cylindrical wall of thenewel must be provided with lighting-apertures, as at b, Fig. 2.

The staircase construction above described is especially important for lodging-houses, hospitals, Warehouses, &c., and while economizing space it prevents stoppages of traffic by too much traffic 011 the stairs, inasmuch as the persons going up and coming down do not meet or see each other. In cottage buildings one of the flights takes the place of the staircase intended for servants.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

In combination with a central hollow newel containing a staircase, two independent staircases arranged around the outside thereof, the landings of each staircase being arranged opposite, so as to be concealed by the intermediate newel, and openings through the wall of the newel to light the staircases, substantially as described.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

LORENZ WAGNER. WVitnesses:

T. A. lVIOHR, JACOB W EISS. 

